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НОВОСТИ —
Воскресенье, 15.03.2009
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NEWS — Sunday, March
15, 2009 (5 min.
Russian news video, text)
Video also posted on
YouTube.com from Vremia TV news.
Гузия: Последние из
молокан. (5 min. Russian
news video)
Georgia: Last of the
Molokans.
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Немногочисленные колонии русских на Кавказе переживают
трудные времена
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The few colonies of Russians in the Caucasus are experiencing
difficult times
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Ul'ianovka, Republic of Georgia
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Ul'ianovka, Kakheti region of Georgia
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Ul'ianovka,
formerly Novo-Aleksandrovkoe |
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Поселения молокан в Грузии
приходят в упадок, и их жители подумывают о
возвращении в Россию из Кахетии, куда в середине XIX века они переехали
по декрету императора Николая I. 150 лет спустя, не ощущая никаких
перспектив, многие из них готовы
покинуть Грузию. |
Russian text (left)
occasionally differs from the TV news
video audio:
The Molokan villages in Georgia
are
deteriorating, and their residents are considering returning to Russia
from
the Kakheti region,
where they moved in the mid-1800s by an order of Emperor
Nicholas I. 150 years later, not
feeling any prospects, many of
them are ready to leave Georgia. [As many as 15 congregation of Molokans
were in Georgia. Also see news about Doukhobors
leaving Georgia.]
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Ul'ianovka, Republic of Georgia
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"Strength in
Brotherhood!"
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Репортаж Евгения Баранова.
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[In video]. The Molokan village
was visited by:
Evgenia [Eugene] Baranov
reports. |
| Сегодня трудно найти
на карте
место, где можно прочитать на заборе
надписи такого содержания: "Брат братом силен", "Миру мир". Это не
остатки советской агитации, это заповеди, с которыми полтора века назад
в этих местах появились первые русские переселенцы. |
(Molokan women
singing...) It
is difficult to find
a place on the map where you can read such
writing on
a fence: "Strength in Brotherhood!" and "World Peace".
This
is not the remains of a Soviet campaign [propaganda], but the
everyday sayings of the first Russian immigrants who moved here 150
years ago. |
| Секта молокан, христиан, не
признающих церковь, не почитающих крест и
не знавших причастия,
была основана в конце XVIII века. Их крестьянские
общины подвергались гонениям до тех пор, пока по указу Николая I они не
были выселены на окраины тогдашней империи в Закавказье. |
The Molokan sect is Christian,
but they do not recognize the [Russian
Orthodox] church, the cross or communion
[Eucharist] They
were
founded in the late
1700s. Their peasant congregations were persecuted until a decree by
[Tsar] Nicholas I, when they were
moved to the
Caucasus, at the boundary of the former Empire. |
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Less than 100
Molokans remain
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Cemetery
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На старинном
молоканском
кладбище под каменными надгробиями без крестов
покоятся те, кто в 1859 году пешком добрался до Грузии из Саратовской
губернии. Здесь они основали русское село и назвали его
Новоалександровкой в честь царя-Освободителя Александра II. Однако
молокане всегда лояльны любой власти, и в двадцатых годах прошлого века
село было переименовано в Ульяновку.
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~1000 miles by foot
from Saratov to Georgia
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In the old
Molokan
cemetery, resting under boulder gravemarkers without crosses
are those who, in 1859, walked by foot [~1000 miles] from Saratov
provnce to Georgia. Here
they founded the Russian village of Novo-Aleksandrovka, named in honor
of the Tsar and Liberator Alexander II. However Molokans are
always
loyal to any government, and in the 1920s the village was renamed Ul'ianovka.
[Ul'ianov is Lenin's actual
last name.]
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| Надежда Маркушина: "При
коммунизме жили, и не заметили. Но вот свободы захотели, и дал Господь
свободы". |
[In video.] Nadezhda
Markushina:
"My friends. We lived during communism but did not notice it. Right?
Freedom was wanted, and here God gave us freedom. There's freedom on
the table and freedom everywhere." |
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Nadezhda Vas. Markushina |
Veteran's memorial
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100 of 300 soldiers
died in WWII
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Надежде Васильевне
Маркушиной —
под 80. Она одна из двух старейшин нынешней сильно поредевшей
молоканской общины. Лучший свидетель того, какой была эта история —
монумент павшим, который возвышается напротив ее дома в центре села.
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Nadezhda
Vasilievna Markushina is almost 80 years old. She is an elder member of
one of the two remaining depleted Molokan congregations. [More are in Tiblisi.] She is
the
best witness of their history, because she can see a monument which
stands
in front of her house in the center of the village. |
| Война выкорчевала из
Ульяновки
целые фамилии. Из 300 молоканских
мужчин, ушедших на фронт, не вернулся каждый третий. Но даже такие
потери некогда крепкое и богатое село смогло пережить. Роковыми для
Ульяновки стали не сороковые, а девяностые года. |
The [second world] war took from
each family in Ul'ianovka. Of the 300 Molokan men
who went to the front, one in three did not return. But even after
these huge losses the village was able to survive. But the difficult
times for
Ul'ianovka was not in the 1940s, it came in the 1990s. (Singing.)
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First
Molokan museum in world
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2,500 Molokans were here once
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| В сельском музее с
названием,
которого больше нигде не сыскать, на
облупившихся стенах все еще развешаны фотографии отцов-основателей
села. Вряд ли эти достойные мужи могли представить себе, что пройдет
100 лет, и в их Ульяновке молокан останется втрое меньше, чем в тот
момент, когда они впервые увидели эту землю. |
(Women singing...) In
the village museum with the same name [Museum of People's Friendship,
Town
of Ul'ianovka], on paint-chipped walls, can be found photos of the
founding fathers of the
village. It
is unlikely that these worthy
men could have ever imagined that in 100 years there would be fewer
Molokans in their Ul'ianovka than when they arrived [first saw this
land].
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| Что лозунг
"Грузия — для
грузин", брошенный первым президентом
независимой Грузии Звиадом Гамсахурдия в уже далеком 1992 году,
приведет к тому, что молокане побегут снова, только на этот раз в
обратную сторону. |
The slogan "Georgia is for
Georgians" shouted back in 1992 by Zviad
Gamsakhurdia, the first
president of independent Georgia, caused the Molokans to flee again,
only this time in the opposite
direction. |
"Georgia is for Georgians!"
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"It
was terrible when they left"
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Heating the samovar
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Shitukhin
prays
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[In video.] Nadezhda
Markushina: "It was terrible. The people leaving were sitting in their
cars crying, and we were here saying good-bye to them. It was
night-time, but very moon-lit. You could even read a newspaper that
night. The dogs were howling. It was really frightening, you know, to
leave your
homeland."
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| Надежда
Маркушина: "В хорошие
годы в Ульяновке жило до двух с половиной
тысяч молокан. Сейчас — не больше сотни. В основном старики, которые
тогда, когда уезжали их дети, были моложе и рассчитывали на свои силы".
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Nadezhda
Markushina: "In the good years up to 2,500 Molokans lived in
Ul'ianovka. Now, no more than a hundred remain, mainly
elderly. When their children left, the parents stayed behind. They were
younger and stronger then and thought they could take care of
themselves." |
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[In video.] Presbyter Matvei
Ivanovich Shitukhin prays: "God bless us to eat and drink in your
glory.
Forgive all of us, especially me. And we ask you and pray to you
God, and we
bow in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. All eat
and drink. Sit down." |
| Живущие
в традиции, общинным
укладом, старики-молокане все эти годы как
могли поддерживали друг друга. Например, пресвитер у молокан, не
признающих священников, главный по духовной части. Матвей Иванович
Шитухин сильно болеет, но нет-нет, а соберет совет своих старейшин у
самовара. |
Living by tradition and with a
social-structure is how these elder Molokans could support each other
all these years. For example, by Molokan dogma they have a presbyter
[presiding elder] as a spiritual teacher, not a priest or church
heirarchy. Though Matvei
Ivanovich Shitukhin is very sick, he ocasionally gathers his council
of elders around the samovar. |
Drinking tea (chai)
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Journalists interview presbyter
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| Сегодня
на повестке дня — вопрос
о том, что по селу среди грузин пошли
слухи, что кто-то из молокан нажаловался в Москву, что русских здесь
притесняют. |
Today's issue is what do about
the rumor that
someone from the Molokans complained to Moscow that they are persecuted
by Georgians.
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Presbyter
Matvei
Ivan. Shitukhin |
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[In video.] Shitukhin went to
the village authorities, who responded: "This and that. And because the
Molokans
complained, their village will be eliminated."
Do not worry because we don't
think Molokans complained, we think it was someone else. Because
without Georgian support, there would be no Molokans in U'ianovka by
now." The Georgians said they wanted to change the name of Ul'ianoivka
three times. But the Georgians said we are good neighbors so they did
not change the name of the village.
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| Зловредный слух о молоканском
исходе, так взволновавший ульяновскую
общественность, при всей своей неправдоподобности, тем не менее, задел
молокан за живое. Когда в 1992 году они принимали решение оставаться,
никто из них и представить себе не мог, что доживет до того, что Грузия
будет воевать с Россией; что посольство, где они получали российскую
визу, будет закрыто, равно как и граница, через которую они ездили к
своим. |
The malicious rumor about
Molokans leaving Ul'ianovka stirred up a controversy. When the
Molokans
decided to stay in 1992, none of them could have imagined that Georgia
would be at war with Russia, that the embassy where they could get a
Russian
visa would be closed, or the border closed through which they went to
Russia. |
"World Peace!"
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"No, you sing!"
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| Здесь
все понимают, что песня
молоканской Ульяновки в скором времени будет спета, и вероятнее всего,
спета будет именно ими. |
Here,
everyone
understands that the Molokan song of Ul'ianovka soon will be sung, and
will be sung by these people. [Russian idiom: You are
done, finished.]
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[In video.]
— You start to sing.
— No, you start because you can sing the elongated notes [protiazhnie].
— No, you sing!
— Okay.
(Women singing ... )
——————————————
Eugene Baranov, Igor Kritskov
Sunday Vremia [TV news broadcast, March 15, 2009]
Ul'ianovka, Georgia
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There are more Molokans in Tbilisi, but
the Russian news team choose to report about Ul'ianovka, perhaps because it is is remote and
only 6 miles (10 km) from the Azerbaidjan border, a short 15 mile
(24 km) drive from the nearest border crossing. The Russian journalists
would have been harrassed by Georgians if they tried to find Molokans
in Tbilisi, where several congregations remain.
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This video also posted on YouTube.com
from Vremia TV news.
Гузия:
Последние из молокан. (5
min.
Russian news video)
Georgia: Last of the
Molokans.
[Molokans in Russia are getting irritated that several recent news
stories are titled: "Last of the Molokans."]
See slide show
of 5 images from video.
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Molokans and
Jumpers in Georgia
Molokans
and Jumpers Around the
World
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